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Showing posts with label communication. Show all posts
Showing posts with label communication. Show all posts

Phases of web hosting

2:03 PM kdhakal 12 comments
There are four main phases or sequences of hosting a website, which are discussed below:

  • Simple internet presence
           This is the most common and most basic type of website that is simplest to set up and least expensive as well. This type of website is a medium of direct communication of an website owner to the clients. It contains general information about the business firm, its objectives, missions, news, press releases, products and views, services, contact information etc. It may contain annual reports and specialized news bulletins, as well as a dedicated area for visitor feedback.


  • Basic E-commerce or E-business website

               This category of website is somewhat complex version of the simple internet presence website, complex to mean that it consists of much more information compared to the simple internet presence websites. It consists of a number of substantial enrichment features that provide extra functionality to the website. The extra features may consist of an online store of various goods and services with secure ordering capabilities, integrated online call centers, FAQs and fact sheets, etc.


 Advanced E-commerce or E-business website 
     
                   Advanced websites consist of increased functionality such as web based software and core applications to dynamic IP based systems and applications. Off-the-shelf and custom software applications can be integrated with enterprise websites to enhance various processes in a number of areas such as automated processes, general business applications, data management functions and automated software, private IP-based networks, etc.


    • Fully Integrated E-business web presence
               At this fourth stage of development, the firm or enterprise has become a fully integrated E-business with intranets, extra-nets and discrete enterprise system working together. The back-office and front-office functions work together as an integrated system for the ease of ordering, asset and inventories management, and knowledge management throughout the system. In this model, the institution has become a true E-business.




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    Types of network topologies

    1:25 PM kdhakal 4 comments
    Bus topology

    A bus topology uses a single cable to connect all the devices used in the network. The single cable forms the backbone of the communication medium in which the devices are attached. To establish a communication, a signal originating from the source travels in both directions to all the machines connected on the bus cable until it finds the address of the device to which the data is to be delivered. If the destination device finds that the data is for its own address, then only it accepts the data. The topology consists of terminators at both ends so that the data does not continue bouncing to and fro.

    Advantages of bus topology:

    • If one of the station fails to operate, it does not affect the operation of other stations.
    • It can be a good replacement against other topologies.
    • It is very suitable for such networks which are more or less temporary and which are needed immediately.
    • It is easy to implement and extend.


    Disadvantages of bus topology: 

    • Data collision may occur when two or more nodes are transmitting the data at the same time.
    • It is not suitable if the traffic rates in the network is heavy.
    • It is very difficult to manage and troubleshoot a bus topology.
    • A fault in the cable may disable the whole network and it would be very difficult to find that fault.
    • Maintenance cost can increase unexpectedly at the long run.
    • Performance of the network is degraded when more computers are added to the network.



    Bus topology
    Bus topology
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    The Internet

    10:47 AM kdhakal 0 comments
    What is Internet?

    The internet is a chain of interconnected computer networks using the standard internet protocol suite (TCP/IP). This chain is comprised of web servers and client computers. Clients are computers that access this network through an internet connection. Web servers handle the actual web pages. Web servers have a bunch of web sites loaded waiting for clients to request them, which is done through browsers such as Internet Explorer, Firefox, Opera, etc.

    The Internet is a network of networks, spread over the whole globe. The foundations for the origin of the Internet were laid back in the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust, fault-tolerant and distributed computer networks. Initially, the network was known as ARPANET, which later became the internet when its capacity was increased with the connection of more number of computers to the network.The Internet has no centralized governance in either technological implementation or policies for access and usage.


    The Internet
    fig: The Internet



    The most important component of the Internet is the Internet Protocol (IP), which provides addressing systems (IP addresses) for computers on the Internet. The IP address is a unique naming convention of each and every computers that are part of the Internet.

    The Internet has been serving everyone around the world, with every possible means. E-mail is an important communications service that is available on the Internet. The concept of sending electronic text messages among the people similar to the mailing letters or memos predates the creation of the Internet. File sharing helps to send and receive large sized files across the globe. The Internet has also enabled entirely new forms of social interaction, activities, and organizing, through social networking sites such as twitter, facebook, myspace, etc.







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